Present and Past Tense
January 11, 2014Aku mau ngeposs ini niih.. Pelajaran lama sih.. Tapi moga aja bermanfaat buat kalian yah :) Ini udah aku ringkas sesederhana mungkin O:) check this out ;)
A. PRESENT TENSE
(WAKTU SEKARANG)
I. Simple Present
Tense (Waktu Sekarang Sederhana)
Tense
ini digunakan untuk menyatakan perbuatan atau kegiatan yang dilakukan secara
berulang-ulang atau juga dipakai untuk menyatakan kebiasaan seseorang yang
dapat dilakukan setiap hari, setiap minggu, setiap bulan atau setiap tahun.
Rumus : S+Verb I (s/es)
(+) : S + Verb I (s/es)
(-) : S + do/does + not + Verb I
(?) : do/does + S + Verb I
Contoh :
1. (+) : They study English everyday.
(-) : They don’t study English everyday.
(?) : Do they study English everyday ?
2. (+) : Fendy goes to school everymorning.
(-) : Fendy doesn’t go to school
everymorning.
(?) : Does Fendy go to school everymorning ?
Keterangan waktu :
Every = setiap
One = sekali
Twice = dua kali
Usually = biasanya
Always = selalu
Never = tidak pernah
Often = sering
Seldom = jarang
II. Present Continuous
Tense (Waktu sedang berlangsung)
Tense
ini untuk menyatakan kejadian/perbuatan yang sedang berlangsung saat ini.
Rumus : S + tobe (is,
am, are) + Verb ing
(+) : S + tobe + Verb ing
(-) : S + tobe + not + Verb ing
(?) : tobe + S + Verb ing
Contoh :
1. (+) : Mother is cooking a rice now.
(-) : Mother isn’t cooking a rice now.
(?) : Is mother cooking a rice now ?
2. (+) : They are watching TV right now.
(-) : They aren’t watching TV.
(?) : Are they watching TV ?
Keterangan waktu :
Now =
sekarang
At present =
pada saat ini
To day =
hari ini
This morning =
pagi ini
To night =
malam ini
III. Present Perfect
Tense (Waktu sempurna sekarang)
Tense
ini digunakan untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu pekerjaan yang telah selesai pada
saat kalimat dibuat atau peristiwa lampau yang ada hubungannya dengan sekarang.
Rumus : S + have/has
+ past participle (Verb III)
Contoh :
1. (+) : Farida has gone to school since two hours
ago.
(-) : Farida hasn’t gone to school since two
hours ago.
(?) : Has Farida gone to school since two hours
ago ?
2. (+) : You have learnt English for an hour.
(-) : You haven’t learnt English for an hour.
(?) : Have you learnt English for an hour ?
Keterangan waktu :
For = selama
Since = sejak
Already =
telah
Ever = pernah
Never = tidak pernah
IV. Present Perfect
Continous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Sekarang)
Tense
ini digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa/perbuatan yang dimulai diwaktu lampau
dan masih berlangsung hingga sekarang.
Rumus : S + have/has
+ been + Verb ing
Contoh :
1. (+) : She has been going to school since three
hours ago.
(-) : She hasn’t been going to school since
three hours ago.
(?) : Has she been going to school since three
hours ago ?
2. (+) : We have been learning English for a week.
(-) : We haven’t been learning English for a
week.
(?) : Have we been learning English for a week
?
Keterangan waktu :
Since =
sejak
For =
selama
The whole =
sepanjang hari
B. PAST TENSE (WAKTU
LAMPAU)
I. Simple Past Tense
(Waktu Lampau Sederhana)
Untuk
menyatakan suatu perbuatan/kejadian yang terjadi pada waktu lampau/telah lewat
dan waktu terjadinya diketahui.
Rumus : S + Verb II
Contoh :
1. (+) : Ridha went to Bandung yesterday.
(-) : Ridha didn’t go to Bandung yesterday.
(?) : Did Ridha go to Bandung yesterday ?
2. (+) : Laila watched TV last night.
(-) : Laila didn’t watch TV last night.
(?) : Did Laila watch TV last night ?
Keterangan waktu :
Yesterday :
Kemarin
The day before yesterday :
Lusa
Last :
Yang lalu
Ago :
Yang lalu
II. Past Continuous
Tense (Waktu Sedang Berlangsung Lampau)
Tense
ini digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian atau pekerjaan yang sedang berlangsung
pada waktu lampau.
Rumus : S + tobe
(was/were) + Verb ing
Contoh :
1. (+) : Hafni was writing a letter when I came.
(-) : Hafni wasn’t writing a letter when I
came.
(?) : Was Hafni writing a letter when I came ?
2. (+) : We were eating while Ica was sleeping.
(-) : We weren’t eating while Ica was
sleeping.
(?) : Were we eating while Ica was sleeping ?
Keterangan Waktu :
When : ketika
While : ketika
III. Past Perfect
Tense (Waktu Sempurna Lampau)
Tense
ini berfungsi untuk menjelaskan kejadian yang telah selesai dilakukan di waktu
lampau, atau menjelaskan suatu peristiwa yang lebih dulu terjadi dari 2
kejadian yang dibicarakan.
Rumus : S + had +
Verb III
Contoh :
1. (+) : Farida had gone before Fendy arrived.
(-) : Farida hadn’t gone before Fendy
arrived.
(?) : Had Farida gone before Fendy arrived ?
2. (+) : We had studied English when our friend came
here.
(-) : We hadn’t studied English when our
friend came here.
(?) : Had we studied English when our friend
came here.
IV. Past Perfect
Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Lampau)
Untuk
menyatakan peristiwa yang sudah dimulai pada waktu lampau dan masih berlangsung
pada waktu lampau juga.
Rumus : S + had +
been + Verb ing
Contoh :
1. (+) : Rudi had been living in Surabaya for two
months when I came yesterday.
(-) : Rudi hadn’t been living in Surabaya for
two months when I came yesterday.
(?) : Had Rudi been living in Surabaya for
two months when I came yesterday ?
2. (+) : You had been sleeping when he watched TV.
(-) : You hadn’t been sleeping when he
watched TV.
(?) : Had You been sleeping when he watched
TV.
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